Аннотация:
Background. Over the past two decades, it has become clear that there are important differences in how quickly alcohol addiction develops in men and women. It is assumed that data on the functioning of the brain, especially the higher parts (the cerebral cortex), can shed light on the peculiarities of the formation and clinical course of alcohol dependence between men and women.
Aim: to study the differences in the functioning of the brain in men and women with alcohol dependence and to link them with the clinical features of the course of the disease.
Methods. 100 patients (70 men and 30 women) aged 25 to 55 years with an established diagnosis of alcohol dependence after detoxification were examined. Recording and evaluation of the electrical activity of the brain was performed on a 16-channel electroencephalograph at rest with closed eyes. The values of intra – and interhemispheric coherence, as well as the data of the spectral analysis of the power of rhythms, were analyzed.
Results. Statistically significantly higher values of the alpha-rhythm power in the parietal (p=0.002) and occipital (p=0.027) leads, as well as the beta-rhythm diffusely in all EEG leads (p<0.05) were found in women compared to men. In the group of female patients, statistically significantly lower values of intrahemispheric coherence in the alpha and beta range of EEG frequencies were found compared to men (p<0.05). Statistically significant correlations were found only between the duration of the last remission and the values of the spectral analysis of the alpha-rhythm power in the occipital leads, with different directions in the groups of men and women.
Conclusions. As a result of the study, significant differences in the functioning of the brain at rest in alcohol dependence in men and women were revealed. The data obtained may to some extent explain the presence of clinical differences in the formation and course of alcohol dependence between men and women.
Ключевые слова:
alcohol dependence, gender differences, clinic, electroencephalography, spectral power, coherence.