Аннотация:
Introduction. In recent years, an increase in the number of deaths or injuries in road traffic accidents associated with drunkenness of drivers, as well as latent behavior of alcohol and drug users, has been registered in Russia and Moscow. The foregoing may indicate a decrease in the effectiveness of both identifying drug addiction contraindications to driving, and being under drug supervision in subsequent accidents associated with the intoxication of the driver. The planned consideration of the need to adjust the current list of medical contraindications to driving in 2021 indicates the need to study the profiles of the drivers who have committed these accidents, depending on being under dispensary supervision.
Aim: to determine and correlate the socio-demographic characteristics of Moscow drivers who have committed accidents due to alcohol intoxication, according to the factor of them being under dispensary observation. To evaluate the effectiveness of the dispensary observation in the context of committing these accidents after the discontinuation of the observation.
Methods. Digital database, created from retrieval of information over the period 2014–2019 about all drivers in Moscow who committed traffic accidents while being drunk or refused medical examinations for intoxication after the accident. Statistical analysis was conducted using licensed IBM SPSS 25.0 software. Confidence intervals (95%) for fractions were calculated using the Wilson method. Pearson’s χ2 test was used to detect differences between categorical variables.
Results. An analysis of Moscow drivers who committed traffic accidents, due to alcohol intoxication, showed no differences regarding the influence of factor of being under dispensary observation or refusal of medical examination on the state of intoxication or leaving the place of the accident, or the gender distribution of drivers. The differences were based on the type of intoxication as well as the age of the drivers. The effectiveness of dispensary observation in regard to prevention of intoxication-related traffic accidents can be illustrated by comparing the number of Moscow drivers who committed traffic accidents before observation, with the number of drivers during observation, and drivers after end of observation period.
Conclusion. It seems advisable to amend the revision of the list of medical contraindications to driving a vehicle and develop a mechanism for transferring information from the traffic police to the drug treatment service about all drivers who drove vehicles or had an accident while intoxicated.
Ключевые слова:
car driver, alcohol intoxication, drug intoxication, traffic accident, medical examination, refusal of medical examination, medical counter-indications.