Аннотация:
Background. The results of large-scale international studies indicate that the use of psychoactive substances is one of the main risk factors for premature mortality and loss of life years due to morbidity and disability worldwide.
Aim: to study the mortality rates of patients with mental and neurological disorders associated with the use of psychoactive substances.
Methods. A search for Russian-language, English-language sources was carried out in the databases: ELibrary.ru, PubMed, Google Scholar. The articles were searched for by keywords: mental disorders, substance use, drug addiction, morbidity, mortality, causes of death, mortality statistics. Inclusion criteria: full-text articles and books in Russian: publication date – from 2006 to 2020, indexed in the Russian Science Citation Index, which are in the public domain; foreign articles: publication date – from 2014 to 2020, the presence of an abstract. Exclusion criteria: abstracts; monographs, teaching aids; date of publication – before 2006, inconsistency with the research topic. A total of 769 publications were found. 49 publications met the inclusion criteria.
Results. Analysis of literary sources indicates that the life expectancy of persons with mental and neurological disorders while taking psychoactive substances is significantly lower than in the general population. In the Russian Federation, there is an imperfection of the system of registration and registration of causes of death, based on the indication of the direct cause of death, which does not reflect the contribution of psychoactive substances to mortality rates.
Conclusion. The structure of mortality of psychiatric and neurological patients who use psychoactive substances presented in the literature is based only on isolated studies of domestic and foreign authors. It is unanimously expressed the need to create unified registers of morbidity and mortality of such patients.
Ключевые слова:
psychoactive substances, mental disorders, neurological disorders, mortality.