Аннотация:
The review is devoted to the analysis of tobacco smoking prevalence (active and passive) among patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). According to studies of children families with CF, in 33% of cases the parents were active smokers. Active smoking occurs in 8.1% –
21.1% of cases, in 21 – 27% of cases, patients tried to smoke tobacco, and in 20% – tried other surfactants, while the age of onset of smoking was more often than that of their peers (in 13-14 years on average, compared with 11-14 years in healthy adolescents), and the number of cigarettes smoked per day were from 2 to 60 cigarettes per day. In the UK, the following data were obtained from the questionnaire survey: 46% of CF patients have tried tobacco smoking and 3% smoke daily; 83% drank alcohol; 35% tried illegal surfactants, and 3% actively used them. In Mexico, the rate of active tobacco smoking among adults with CF was 10.2%, the frequency of forced inhalation of tobacco smoke was 62% overall and 32% at home. Studies of CF patients have shown that the desire to be like others (without CF) leads to involvement in the use of various psychoactive substances. In a study of various interventions for smoking cessation was shown that a comprehensive smoking cessation program with proactive telephone counseling led to a decrease in tobacco consumption over five years of follow-up: the level of active smoking in CF patients decreased from 10, 23% to 4.55%, and passive – from 62% to 37%. Despite the lower prevalence of active tobacco smoking in comparison with the population values in the scientific works available today, there are publications that show a high level of active tobacco smoking, therefore, for an objective assessment, the use of objective research methods. Given the high level of passive smoking, it is necessary to develop recommendations for family members to completely quit tobacco.
Ключевые слова:
cystic fibrosis, tobacco smoking, passive smoking, tobacco cessation.