Аннотация:
Alcohol abuse in Russia is a serious medical problem. Against the background of an official decrease in alcohol consumption, the share of alcohol consumers among adolescents is increasing. According to official data the alcohol consumed by beer is approaching that of vodka, and is about one third of alcohol consumed per capita. The study was the first to purposefully compare the clinical and dynamic picture of alcohol dependence with predominant consumption of vodka or beer. The clinical picture of alcohol addiction in the examined patients was studied both qualitatively and quantitatively using psychometric scales. Using the adaptive (paired by age and gender) method of patient selection, we examined 40 patients with vodka predominant consumption and 40 patients with beer predominant consumption who were treated for alcohol dependence between 2010 and 2012. The patients did not differ in their socio-personal characteristics. Alcohol dependence with predominant beer or vodka consumption had specific clinical features of alcohol dependence according to the growth rate of tolerance, psychopathological structure and severity of alcohol withdrawal syndrome, peculiarities of pathological craving for alcohol and binge drinking associated with predominantly consumed alcoholic beverage (beer or vodka). The revealed clinical and dynamic peculiarities of alcohol addiction formation with predominant use of beer or vodka allow us to raise a question about the presence of different forms of alcohol addiction – «beer» and «vodka». These differences indicate that alcohol dependence with the predominant consumption of beer is characterized by a more moderate progression, but retains all the structural and dynamic features typical of alcohol dependence, including those with the predominant consumption of vodka, and the algorithm of pathokinetic development.
Ключевые слова:
alcohol addiction, alcoholism, beer, vodka