Аннотация:
Nicotine withdrawal during smoking cessation is associated with cognitive impairment, which should be compensated to prevent relapse to smoking. Studies have shown that current tobacco smoking was associated with lower cognitive reserve in both men and women (OR -0.31, 95% CI -0.42; -0.19). Even passive smoking affects memory, thinking, spatial orientation: the risks of developing cognitive impairment were 1.24 times higher when exposed to environmental tobacco smoke (95% CI: 1.06–1.46). The article discusses the means of pharmacotherapy, cognitive-behavioral therapy and medico-social methods that increase cognitive abilities during smoking cessation to prevent relapse. Patients with obstructive pulmonary disease often have cognitive impairment, which can be exacerbated by tobacco and nicotine use. One of the mechanisms of such a combined effect is hypoxia, which occurs both in diseases and in tobacco smoking. Methods for studying cognitive impairments and methods that help to increase the effectiveness of ыьщлштп smoking cessation, including increasing efficiency, attention, memory and learning ability, are considered. The combination of cognitive-behavioral therapy, regular physical exercise increases the chances of successful tobacco cessation by 5.16 times by day 30 (95% CI 3.24-8.22) and by 3.35 times by month 6 compared with the control group.
Cognitive deficit is a common symptom of nicotine withdrawal, which can provoke relapse to smoking. For the treatment of cognitive impairment in nicotine addiction, the full range of possible types of medical care should be used, including pharmacological, psychotherapeutic and medical and social methods.
Ключевые слова:
cognitive impairment, nicotine addiction, relapse, tobacco smoking, obstructive pulmonary disease.