Аннотация:
The report draws attention to the emergence of potent synthetic non-fentanyl opioids, which have been associated with an increase in overdose deaths, exacerbating the opioid crisis, in the past associated mainly with the use of illicitly manufactured fentanyl. Governments are encouraged to intensify efforts to counter the proliferation of non-scheduled precursor chemicals used in the illicit manufacture of drugs. The Board is particularly concerned about the sharp increase in the illicit production and trafficking of cocaine. In addressing this global issue, the Board’s report analyzes recent developments that have led to the increased availability of higher purity cocaine, which poses an increasing threat to public health. INCB continues to be concerned and alarmed by large-scale opium poppy cultivation and opium production in Afghanistan despite the ban imposed by the de facto authorities. One of the global issues addressed in the report concerns the need to eliminate discrimination against people who use drugs in national law, policy and practice. Particular attention is also paid to the topic of mental health. INCB reminds governments of the need to ensure that people with mental disorders have access to appropriate treatment and medicines to relieve their suffering so that they can fully participate in society without being stigmatized or discriminated against.
INCB calls on governments to address the problems identified in the report at the international level in a coordinated manner through the adoption of targeted measures. INCB continues to provide support to Member States in addressing this issue, including by inviting governments to use the guidance materials and manuals it has prepared.
Available seizure data indicate that cocaine trafficking remains a significant problem in countries in North and West Africa. In addition, cannabis and tramadol trafficking and abuse remain a problem in many African countries. The lack of official data on drug seizures and prevalence of drug use limits the ability of countries in the region to address their drug-related problems and hinders support from the international community. Africa is among the regions with the lowest levels of availability of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances for medical and scientific use.
Ключевые слова:
United Nations, International Narcotics Control Board report, 2022, analysis of the situation in the world, global issues, Africa.