Аннотация:
Based on the results of a survey / social interview, a questionnaire to identify the predisposition to addictive (dependent) behaviour, a clinical examination (biographies, chats, surveys, examinations and observations) of 393 students (230 males, 58.5%; and 163 females, 41.5%), we have given an analytical review of objective and subjective risk factors that contribute to the development of computer addiction in Sergiev Posad (Moscow region). The most important objective factors are: the amount of time spent on the computer by the parents, ineptitude and lack of consistency in education, difficult events of past life, conflict in relationships within the family, computer availability and lack of control on the part of the parents, use of drugs, alcohol and tobacco smoking within the family as the accepted mode of "relaxation", living in areas with socially disadvantaged families, frequent change of residence and transfers to other schools. The subjective factors were as follows: activities performed and time spent with friends, the amount of time spent at the computer, school performance profile, peer relationships, conflicts, suicidal thoughts and sexual problems with psychological trauma, somatic and asthenoneurotic disorders, and deviant behaviour. 31 students were established to have a combination of 2 objective and 2 subjective risk factor features; 37 students had a combination of 2 objective and 3 subjective risk factor features; and 42 students had a combination of 3 objective and 2 subjective risk factor features. Subdividing the risk factors into objective and subjective allowed establishing the target for psychocorrection. In the cases where objective factors dominate, more attention was paid to work with parents. While in the event of subjective risk factors prevalence, the focus of the therapy shifted toward intrapersonal challenges of the students.
Ключевые слова:
survey, questionnaire, computer and video game addiction, objective and subjective risk factors