Аннотация:
Aim: to develop and validate a self-questionnaire for a comprehensive assessment of anosognosia in opioid dependence (AOD); study of AOD as a multicomponent phenomenon, its relationship with socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of opioid-dependent.
Methods. Using a specially designed questionnaire "Anosognosia in Opioid Dependence" and clinical structured interviews of 53 opioid-dependent patients were examined (average age was 34.0 ± 5.2 years, the period of abstinence from opioid use was 13.5 ± 7.3 days, the average length of experience of dependence – 12.2 ± 5.6 years). The structure of the questionnaire was determined, statements for seven subscales were selected: "Lack of information", "Non-recognition of the symptoms of the disease", "Non-recognition of the disease", "Non-recognition of the consequences of the disease", "Emotional rejection of the disease", "Disagreement with treatment", "Disagreement of sobriety".
Results. The external criterion validity of the created tool was calculated, the results indicate the need for further refinement. Most opioid addicts have medium and low levels of anosognosia; The AOD profile is characterized by the dissociation of individual components: the least pronounced indicator is "non-recognition of the disease", the most pronounced is "emotional rejection of the disease" and "disagreement with sobriety". Factors associated with decrease in AOD are (p≤0.05): voluntary seeking help, duration of opioid use, opioid tolerance, overdose frequency, cocaine use, lack of affective disorders, head injury and severe somatic pathology, number of hospitalizations, hereditary burden of alcoholism, female gender, labor and material decompensation. An increase in AOD is associated (p≤0.05) with prolonged abstinence from drugs, mental ill of children, longer duration of HIV infection and hepatitis B, a high level of conflict in family relationships, frequent administrative offenses and criminal records, drug addiction monitoring.
Ключевые слова:
opioid dependence, HIV, opioid anosognosia, social, clinical factors.