Аннотация:
Introduction. According to various studies, at the stage of withdrawal symptoms, anxious, dysphoric, apathetic, anesthetic and hysterical variants of affective disorders were distinguished. Anxiety and dysphoric variants of affective disorders at the stage of post-withdrawal disorders were transformed into hypochondriacal and asthenic variants.
Aim. To assess the nature of changes in affective disorders in patients with opioid addiction from the onset of the disease to the moment of the present initial examination.
Method. The study was conducted on 122 hospitalized patients (75 men and 47 women), with opioid use disorders, in mental status of which the leading or significant place was occupied by affective disorders (AD). For each respondent, a special examination card was filled in.
Results. Mood alterations were not observed in 14 (42.42%) respondents with hypothymic and melancholic disorders of the depressive spectrum and in 5 (16.67%) respondents with apathoabulic disorders of the depressive spectrum (OR = 3.684; 95% CI 1,129– 12,021).
The apathoabulic spectrum of depressive disorders predominantly and more rapidly developed among patients with methadone dependence rather than heroin – p=0,0207. (OR = 0,17; 95% CI 0,053– 0,546).
Conclusions. 1. The beginning of narcotization was characterized by a melancholic– hypothymic type of affect, which was replaced by an apathoabulic type of depressive affect.
2. Abuse of methadone has contributed to a more rapid development of depressive affect in apathoabulic type.
3. With the increase in the experience of drug use (from 5 years and more), the dysphoric, apathoabulic type of depressive disorder became predominant.
Ключевые слова:
apato-abulic disorders, melancholy disorders, hypothymic disorders, opioid use disorders, withdrawal syndrome.