Аннотация:
Introduction. According to statistics, the level of suicide in the world is decreasing every year, but this problem remains very relevant in the health sector. There is an opinion that person’s dependent on psychoactive substances, in particular alcohol, are at risk of suicidal behavior during their lifetime. Several studies point to a possible link between suicidal behavior, insomnia, anxiety and depressive disorders in alcohol dependent individuals. We assume that the biological mechanisms of suicidal behavior are associated with the mechanisms of the development of anxiety and depressive states, as well as insomnia disorders, namely, disorders of the metabolism of monoamines and related to their metabolism.
Aim: to study the severity of insomnia, anxiety and depressive disorders in the structure of alcohol dependence in patients with various forms of suicidal behavior.
Methods. A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted in patients with alcohol dependence syndrome (F10.2) and suicidal behavior and without it. The final sample included 384 patients. The mean age of the patients was 41.92±7.9 years old. Among those included in the study: 23.7% (91/384) – women, 76.2% (293/384) – men. In significance from the presence of suicidal behavior, 2 groups of patients were distinguished: the group of patients with external and internal forms of suicidal behavior, in accordance with the classification of Zotov P.B. and Umansky S.M. (2011); comparison group – patients without suicidal behavior. The Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) was used as a tool to assess the presence and severity of insomnia. To study the severity of depressive disorders, the Montgomery -Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) was used. The Columbia Suicidal Intention Severity Scale (C-SSRS) was used as a method for studying suicidal behavior. The Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS) was used to study anxiety disorders.
Results. In the study sample, patients with alcohol dependence were dominated by internal forms of suicidal behavior. Depressive disorders are associated with external forms of suicidal behavior. High levels of anxiety cause internal forms of suicidal behavior to a greater extent than external ones. Patients with suicidal behavior, regardless of its form, are more susceptible to insomnia than patients in the control group.
Ключевые слова:
suicide, suicidal behavior, violation sleep, disorder use alcohol, anxiety, depression.